Electric cooking ranges havespecial wiring needsbecause they require a 120/240-volt circuit and receptacle.
Keep reading to learn more about using an outlet for an electric stove.
Freestanding vs. Drop-In Ranges
An outlet receptacle is usually required only for freestanding upright ranges.
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The following instructions are written with freestanding upright range units in mind.
Such work can be quite dangerous if you don’t know what you are doing.
Smaller ranges may require a 40-amp circuit, wired with #8-gauge wire.
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But circuits for plug-in freestanding ranges can be lower than the nameplate rating.
If the rating is 12,000 watts or less, the circuit can be designed to handle only 8,000 watts.
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While circuit size may vary, what cant vary is the power cord and receptacle throw in.
Since 1996, the NEC has required 4-conductor circuits for electric ranges, ovens, and cooktops.
This means the receptacle has four slots to accept a 4-prong cord plug.
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Its a violation of code to install a new receptacle that is made for the old-style 3-prong cords.
3-Prong vs. 4-Prong Plugs
Ranges and clothes dryers have a similar story.
After the code change, appliances were sold with the case ground separated from the neutral.
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The old system worked just fine, but the new system is safer.
The NEC still allows the use of existing 3-slot receptacles that work with the old-style 3-prong cords.
However, you must configure the range wiring so the case ground is tied to the neutral terminal.
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Many ranges are sold with a metal bonding strip or wire for exactly that purpose.
Consult the owners manual or the range manufacturer for instructions.
Warning
When working with electrical wiring, it is crucial to follow important safety protocols.
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Be sure to use insulated tools and wear gloves and safety goggles when working.
see to it that the circuit wiring is shut off at thebreaker boxbefore connecting the receptacle.
Position the Receptacle
The location of the receptacle is usually determined by the appliance.
Receptacles for freestanding ranges are accessible through an opening in the back of the range.
Therefore, its best to mount the receptacle based on the range manufacturers specifications.
For some ranges, floor-mounting for the receptacle is preferred.
Strip about 3/4 inch of insulationfrom each individual insulated conductor in the cable.
Have the circuit breaker connected, turn it on, then plug in the range and test for operation.
