What Is Hard Water?

When Does Hard Water Require Softening?

At one point, water softener companies successfully convinced most homeowners that they needed water softeners.

Water softener unit installed and connected to water supply tubes

The Spruce / Kevin Norris

But be aware that softening water can have some negative effects.

And the process by which water softeners regenerate also wastes a considerable amount of water.

Before installing a water softener, verify that you truly need one, and weigh the possible negatives.

Diagram showing how a water softener works

The Spruce / Joules Garcia

There are also DIY test kits available, similar to those used to test swimming pool water.

These water quality tests can be purchased at any home center or hardware store, or from online retailers.

Select Proper Location

Before beginning installation, you’ll need to select a location for the unit.

Materials and tools to install a water softener

The Spruce / Kevin Norris

Check the units instructions for the recommended uses of the softened water.

Find a suitable flat location for the water softener, accessible on all sides.

In some models, both tanks are combined in one convenient unit.

Bypass valve installed on top of water softener unit

The Spruce / Kevin Norris

Can I Install a Water Softener Myself?

It’s regarded as an advanced-level project for that reason.

Installing a water softener will be easier if you understand precisely how a water softener works.

Section of copper water supply tube cut with hacksaw

The Spruce / Kevin Norris

Some research on the different types of water softeners and how they function is a good idea.

Warning

This project requires more than just basic DIY knowledge.

The cost of this project can cost up to $10,000 since there are multiple trades involved.

Brine and mineral tank tubing connected to water softener unit

The Spruce / Kevin Norris

When a project requires this kind of investment, designating it to a professional is often the best route.

Push the bypass valve into place on the back of the unit.

Secure the valve by using the clips provided.

Drain tubes connected to water softener and control valve

The Spruce / Kevin Norris

Connect the water heater using flexible supply tubes.

Firstshut off the waterto your home and drain the pipes.

Cut out a section of the water supply line and install adapters to accept the flex tube fittings.

Main shutoff valve lever being turned to turn water supply on

The Spruce / Kevin Norris

Tighten the fittings using an adjustable wrench or Channel-lock pliers.

With most water softeners, the tubes are secured with hose clamps.

Connect the Drain Tubes

Most water softeners require two drain tubes.

Water softener checked for leaks

The Spruce / Kevin Norris

The other drain tube connects to the brine tank and serves as an overflow drain.

Both lines then run to the home drain, but they should not be connected together.

Start the System

Turn on the home’s water supply system by opening the main shutoff valve.

Filing the water supply system needs to be done slowly, since sudden pressure can damage fittings.

Open a cold water tap somewhere in the house to allow air to escape as you refill the pipes.

The final step is to add the salt (or potassium chloride) and start the system.

Read the manufacturer’s recommendations about what jot down and quantity of salt or potassium chloride to use.

Run a Backwash Cycle