The plant is whats referred to as root-bound or pot-bound.
Checking whether a plant is root-bound is quick and easy and saves you time and effort later.
If you do end up with a root-bound plant, rest assured, there are ways to fix it.

The Spruce / Phoebe Cheong
A severely root-bound plantmight need to be root-prunedto save it.
A plant becomes root-bound for several reasons, none of them good ones.
Usually it’s a case of the plant sitting too long in a nursery without being repotted.

Gheorhge / Getty Images

The Spruce / Adelyn Duchala

The Spruce / Claire Cohen