Oil-based stains traditionally been used for exterior elements, but they are messier and smellier than water-based stains.
The final appearance is different, due to matters of opacity and color vibrancy.
The color is muted.
Oil-based stain (L) vs. Water-based stain (R)The Spruce / Jason Donnelly
If improperly applied, shiny areas can result.
How It Works
Oil-based stains completely soak into the wood’s cellular structure.
With the cells filled, water cannot penetrate.
The Spruce / Jason Donnelly
It just beads up on the surface.
Oil-based stains, as well as oil-based paints, cure slowly as the oil hardens.
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Oil-based stains are more difficult to apply than water-based stains.
The Spruce / Jason Donnelly
Use a natural bristle brush, synthetic filament brush, or pad applicator.
Unless you are experienced, using an airless sprayer for oil-based stains is not recommended.
Usually, though, you’ll want to wait a full day for the stain to cure.
The Spruce / Jason Donnelly
Oil-based stain remains tacky for a number of hours.
Clean-Up
Mineral spirits are required to clean up oil-based stains.
Vibrant colors are common with water-based stains.
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Easy to apply consistently, water-based stains have a smooth appearance, with relatively little blotchiness.
Water-based stains cure by evaporation.
The pigments and binders remain after evaporation.
Water-based stains are easy to apply.
Use a nylon or polyester brush, 3/4-inch (19 mm) long nap roller, or sprayer.
Water-based stains cure quickly, usually in less than two hours.
Cleanup
These stains require only water and a paint comb to clean the brushes thoroughly.
Just know that you’ll need to apply this stain more frequently.
